The system transforms domain rules and organisational data into formal logical structures that enable deductive reasoning with mathematical guarantees.
Ontologies as formal grammar
The system defines the logical rules of the domain through OWL DL ontologies: what classes of entities exist, what properties they have, what constraints must be satisfied. The ontology acts as an axiomatic system governing the reasoning.
Ontologies are not data schemas: they are formal logical systems with precise semantics. Every ontological statement establishes axioms that the reasoner will apply during inference. Ontological constraints act as laws that no conclusion can violate.
Structured semantic graphs
Organisational data is represented as RDF graphs where every entity, property, and relationship respects ontological constraints. The graph does not merely store information: it captures its formal semantics.
Every triple in the graph constitutes a logical proposition that participates in the reasoning. Nodes represent individuals in the domain, edges represent typed relationships between them. The structure of the graph reflects the logical structure of the knowledge, not merely its documentary organisation.
An ontology defines that every "Financial Transaction" must have exactly one "Origin" and one "Destination", both of class "Bank Account". The graph contains triples such as "Transaction_001 hasOrigin Account_A" and "Transaction_001 hasDestination Account_B", expressing facts about specific transactions in a format the reasoner can process logically, automatically detecting malformed transactions.